2011南京鼓楼区中考英语一模试题及参考答案

五、阅读短文 (共20小题；每小题1分；满分20分)
　　A) 阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容，在文章后第62～71小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
　　Photography is about taking photographs. In 1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business. But he was not a good artist. So he invented a very simple camera. He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden. That was the first photograph.
　　The next important date in the history of photograph was 1837. That year, Daguerre, another Frenchman, took a picture of his studio. He used a new kind of camera and a different process. In his pictures, you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest details. This kind of photograph was called a daguerreotype.
　　Soon, other people began to use Daguerre’s process. Travelers brought back daguerreotypes from all around the world. People photographed famous buildings, cities and mountains.
　　In about 1840, the process was improved. The photographers could take pictures of people and moving things. The process was not simple. The photographers had to carry lots of films and processing equipment(设备). But this did not stop the photographers, especially in the United States.
　　Mathew Brady was a well-known American photographer. He took many pictures of famous people. The pictures were unusual because they were very life-like and full of personality. Brady was also the first person to take pictures of war. His 1862 Civil War pictures showed dead soldiers and destroyed cities. They made the war seem more real and more terrible.
　　In the 1880s, new inventions began to change photograph. Photographers could buy films readymade in rolls(卷). So they did not have to make the film themselves. Also, they did not have to process(冲洗) the film at once. They could bring it back to their studios and develop it later. They did not have to carry lots of equipment. And finally, the invention of the small hand-held camera made photography less expensive.
　　With the small camera, anyone could be a photographer. People began to use cameras just for fun. They took pictures of their families, friends and favourite places. They called these pictures “snapshot”.
　　Photographs became very popular in newspapers in the 1890s. Soon magazines and books also used documentary photographs. These pictures showed true events and people. They were much more real than drawing.
　　Photography is also a form of art. Some photographs were not just copies of the real world. They showed ideas and feelings, like other art forms.
　　Title: The _____62_____ of Photography
　　Photography   63   only mean taking photographs, it is also a form of art. Photographs showed not only the real world, but also the ideas and feelings.
　　In 1826A Frenchman named Niepce invented a very simple camera and the first photograph was    64    by him.
　　In 1837Another Frenchman Daguerre invented a kind of photograph   65    daguerreotype. People could see  66   things in the pictures.
　　In 1840The photographers could take pictures of people and moving things
　　67   lots of films and processing equipment.
　　In   68  An American photographer Brady took many pictures of real and
　　69   things in the war. He was the first person to take war pictures.
　　In the 1880sThere were films readymade in rolls(卷). Photographers did not have
　　to carry lots of equipment any more. The invention of the small
　　hand-held camera made photography   70  .
　　In the 1890sPhotographs became very popular in newspapers.  71  photographs
　　showed true events and people. Compared with drawing, they were
　　far more real.
　　B) 根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
　　Once upon a time, there was a seed(种子) and because it was only a seed, nobody noticed it. So, feeling kind of inferior(自卑), the seed gave n  72   importance to his existence(存在).
　　Then one day, a wind picked him up and threw him on an open f  73   under the hot sun. He wanted to know why. But i  74   of any answer, he was provided with rain besides sunlight, sometimes light and sometimes h  75  .
　　At the same time, time flew and years later he saw a traveler sitting by his side. “Thank God for this. I feel very tired, I r  76   need some rest.” he heard the traveler say.
　　“What are you talking about?” The seed asked. He thought the man was laughing at him. Sure, he had seen many people sitting by his side but no one e  77  spoke to him like that.
　　“Who’s this?” The man was surprised.
　　“It’s me. The seed.”
　　“The seed?” The man l  78   at the big tree. “Are you kidding(开玩笑) me? You’re not a seed. You’re a big tree!”
　　“Really?”
　　“Yes! Why do you think people come here? To feel your shade with tired bodies!”
　　A moment later the seed, n  79   a great tree, thought and smiled for the first time in his life. “Oh! That m 80   I’m not a small seed any more! I didn’t die unnoticed but born to help people with t  81  . Wow! Now that’s a life worth a thousand gems(宝石)!”
　　六、书面表达 (满分15分)
　　近几年来，人类活动对大自然的破坏引发了各种各样的自然灾害。作为一名中学生，请你根据以下表格，写一封倡议书，呼吁大家关注这些自然灾害，采取措施，拯救地球。
　　要求：1) 词数100左右；文章开头已给，不计词数；
　　2) 短文须包括表格中提示的所有要点，再适当发挥，增加细节，使短文连贯、通顺；
　　3) 短文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。
　　Natural disasters Harm to humansActions
　　droughts1) not enough food or water
　　2) homeless
　　…1) stop cutting down trees
　　2) use paper on both sides
　　…
　　earthquake
　　…
　　In recent years there have been many natural disasters caused by human activities, such as

2011南京鼓楼区中考英语一模试题及参考答案

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